Potassium Chloride (KCL)

Potassium Chloride (KCL)

Name: potassium chloride
Other names: sylvite, muriate of potash
CAS number: 7447-40-7
Molecular formula: KCl
Molar mass: 74.5513 g·mol−1
Density: 1.984 g/cm3
Melting point: 770 °C
Boiling point: 1420 °C
Solubility in water: 281 g/L(0°C), 344 g/L (20°C), 567 g/L(100°C)
Solubility: soluble in glycerol, alkalies,slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in ether;
LD50: 2.6 g/kg(oral/rat), 0.142 g/kg(intravenous/rat)
Arsenic: 0.00005% max
Heavy metal(measured by Pb):≤0.0005% max
Loss on drying: 11% max
Sodiumchloride: 1.45% max
Insoluble matter in water: 0.05% max
Impurity: 0.5% max
Ammonium (measured by NH4 ): 0.01% max

Potassiumchloride is a metal halide salt composed of potassium and chlorine. In its purestate, it is odorless and has a white or colorless vitreous crystal appearance,with a crystal structure that cleaves easily in three directions. Potassiumchloride is used in medicine, scientific applications, and food processing.

In chemistry and physics, potassium chloride is a very commonly used standard,for example, as a calibration standard solution in measuring electricalconductivity of (ionic) solutions, since carefully prepared KCl solutions have well-reproducible andwell-repeatable measurable properties. Potassium chloride can react as a sourceof chloride ion. As with any other soluble ionic chloride, it will precipitateinsoluble chloride salts when added to a solution of an appropriate metal ion.

Potassium chloride is usedfor making fertilizer, since the growth of many plants is limited by theirpotassium intake. As a chemical feedstock, it is used for the manufacture ofpotassium hydroxide and potassium metal. It is also used in medicine,lethal injections, scientific applications, food processing, and as a sodium-freesubstitute for table salt (sodium chloride).

Potassium chloride is sometimes used in water as a completion fluid inpetroleum and natural gas operations, as well as being an alternative to sodiumchloride in household water softener units. It is useful as a beta radiationsource for calibration of radiation monitoring equipment. It is also used invarious brands of bottled water, as well as in bulk quantities for fossil fueldrilling purposes. Potassium chloride was once used as a fire extinguishingagent, used in portable and wheeled fire extinguishers. Besides, it is alsoused as a flux for the gas welding of aluminium.

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